Go to Index, Part I, Part II, Part IV, Part V, Part VI, Part VII, Part VIII, Part IX, Part X, Part XI, Part XII, Part XIII, Part XIV, Part XV, Roman Coins: Republic and Principate, Roman Coins: Empire, Greek Coins, Coins from the Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, Coins from the National Museum in Warsaw, Poland, Coins from the Hunterian Museum
model of Tiber with quay
(Emporium), docks, warehouses (plastico of fourth century city) modern
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: commerce; city of Rome
life-size replica of a
Roman crane modern
Xanten, Archaeological Park. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: commerce; construction; engineering
Haterius grave relief
showing Roman crane in front of mausoleum (cast)
Mainz, Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: commerce; construction; engineering; funerary
model of quay in Roman London of
c. 100 CE, overall view; modern
detail of bridge.
London, Museum of London. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1999
Keywords: commerce; shipping; transportation; port; harbor
detail of merchant ships;
smaller version, modern
from model of quay in Roman London of c. 100 CE; shows ship loaded with
amphorae.
London, Museum of London. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1999
Keywords: commerce; shipping; transportation; port; harbor
cut-away detail of shops,
modern
from model of quay in Roman London of c. 100 CE; shows workshop/shops below and
living quarters above.
London, Museum of London. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1999
Keywords: commerce, business
cut-away detail of tavern and
food shop, modern
from model of quay in Roman London of c. 100 CE; shows shops below and living
quarters above.
London, Museum of London. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1999
Keywords: commerce; thermopolium, inn, taverna
model of Roman merchant
ship of the second-third century CE modern
Madrid, Archaeological Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 19
Keywords: commerce; shipping; transportation
statue of Roman cargo ship
from grave of wine merchant, Neumagen (cast)
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: commerce; shipping; transportation; trade; funerary
abacus and beads
Mainz, Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: commerce; trade
model of Roman wagon
modern
Bonn, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: commerce; transportation; trade
life-size model of Roman
wagon modern
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: commerce; transportation; trade
relief of wine business, Roman, imperial period
The lower relief panel depicts the transportation of wine, with an ox pulling a wagon loaded with a large barrel. The
upper relief panel shows a
shop where two seated customers are being served wine.
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: commerce; trade
sandstone model of a Roman wine ship, Roman, from Neumagen, c. 200 CE;
smaller version;
alternate view;
wineship on a river.
This restored ship was part of a large funerary monument, presumably of a man whose business involved the transportation of wine. The ship holds 4 wooden barrels of wine; there are six rowers shown, 22 oars, a steersman in the stern and another man in the bow who is clapping time for the rowers. According to the restoration, there were wolf's heads at the bow and stern.
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: commerce; trade
part of the upper portion of a large sandstone funerary monument, Roman, from Neumagen, c. 200 CE
This monument also involved the transportation of goods, in this case big-bellied amphorae, which are wound around with heavy ropes and contained by a wooden fence to protect them in transit.
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: commerce; trade
restored relief of dolphins and sea creatures, Roman, from Neumagen, c. 200 CE;
corner of frieze, with dolphins.
This frieze is part of the upper portion of a large sandstone funerary monument.
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
reconstruction of the pediment of a large family tomb monument, sandstone, Roman, from Neumagen, before 220 CE;
smaller version.
Using the extant remains as a basis, including traces of colors, the scene has been restored to illustrate how highly painted these tomb monuments were. The
central scene depicts a family meal where the men recline Roman-style on a lectus while the
women sit in chairs on either side and serve food and drink
(detail).
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: dining; funerary
detail from Roman wall painting
depicting a glass bowl containing figs first century CE
Oplontis, Roman villa. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: dining; food; wall painting
interior of restaurant
with counters and original wall paintings depicting food;
alternate view
Ostia, Via di Diana. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: dining; leisure; restaurants; thermopolium
interior of restaurant
(redecorated via Photoshop) modern
Credits: Barbara McManus,
Keywords: dining; leisure; restaurants
wine counter from in
Pompeii (AICT image #59 with Roman silver ladles added via Photoshop)
modern
Credits: Barbara McManus,
Keywords: dining; leisure; restaurants; wine
mosaic of dining couple
with 2 female slaves; Roman, second century CE
larger view;
detail of couple.
This mosaic was found at a Roman villa at Centocelle near Rome. The scene is set outdoors, since there is fabric tied to a tree to provide shade over the couple. The woman reclines on
a pillow; the couch (lectus) is covered with a drape. She gazes soulfully into the
eyes of a bare-chested man. In the background is a statue, possibly of the goddess Diana.
Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2006
Keywords: dining; leisure; women; erotic
female slave from above mosaic;
detail;
Roman, second century CE
The slave is pouring wine from an amphora into a pot or bucket that is set atop a small bronze satyr.
Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2006
Keywords: dining; servant; ancilla
Nile mosaic from temple of
Fortuna Primigenia in Palestrina c. 80 BCE
smaller version;
detail, banqueting couple
Berlin, Pergamon Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2005
Keywords: dining; leisure; women
Parthian gilt silver
drinking horn with stag deco first century CE
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: dining; utensils, wine
Roman cameo glass skyphos
depicting satyr with lyre c. 25 BCE-25 CE
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: dining; utensils, wine; myth
Roman silver ladle with
swan's-head handle
Madrid, Archaeological Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1985
Keywords: dining; utensils; wine
Roman silver pitcher
and bowl 1st-3rd century CE
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: dining; utensils; wine
painted pottery winebeaker
, Roman, from Trier, c. 300 CE;
smaller version.
The vessel has painted images of goddesses (Diana on the left and Minerva on the right); inscribed at the top is ACCIPE ET VTERE FELIX, "take and use happily."
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: dining; utensils; wine
Roman silver winecup with
carved relief 1st-3rd century CE
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: dining; utensils; wine
mosaic from private Roman
villa depicting a prostitute with customer fourth century CE
Piazza Armerina, Villa del Casale. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: erotic imagery; leisure; prostitution; sex
detail of mosaic depicting
prostitute;
larger version; fourth century CE
Piazza Armerina, Villa del Casale. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: erotic imagery; leisure; prostitution; sex
mosaic depicting two men
wrestling
Tunis, Bardo Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: exercise; leisure; athletes
detail of mosaic from private
Roman villa depicting female athlete crowning herself with wreath and holding
palm branch fourth century CE
Piazza Armerina, Villa del Casale. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: exercise; women; undergarments
mosaic from private Roman
villa depicting female athletes playing ball fourth century CE
Piazza Armerina, Villa del Casale. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: exercise; women; undergarments
mosaic from private Roman
villa depicting female athletes receiving victory symbols fourth century
CE
Piazza Armerina, Villa del Casale. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: exercise; women; undergarments
mosaic from private Roman
villa depicting female athlete with weights fourth century CE
Piazza Armerina, Villa del Casale. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: exercise; women; undergarments
funerary busts of man and woman
(Cato?) first century BCE
Rome, Vatican Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: funerary
model of city gate in
wall of Roman Colchester (Balkerne Gate) modern
Colchester, Colchester Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: gates; walls; city fortifications
underground side passage
of amphitheater with carceres for beasts and openings for trap doors
Pozzuoli, amphitheater. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: gladiators; amphitheater; sports; leisure
view of large
palaestra (exercise area for gladiators surrounded by portico) first
century CE
Pompeii, near arena. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: gladiators; sport
terracotta lamp
depicting gladiatorial combat (retiarius vs. secutor)
St. Petersburg, Hermitage Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: gladiators; sports; leisure; lamps
bust of woman of Flavian
era late 1st-2nd century CE
side view;
back view
Rome, Capitoline Museum (Palazzo Nuovo). Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: hairstyle; women
bust of Roman matron c.
100-150 CE
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: hairstyle; women
statue of Roman matron of
Flavian era portrayed as Venus; Roman, 69-91 CE
detail, head;
detail, side view
Rome, Capitoline Museum (Palazzo Nuovo). Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: hairstyle; women
bust of imperial woman of
Flavian era (possibly Vibia Sabina, wife of Hadrian)
side view; Roman, second century CE
Fiesole, Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1990
Keywords: hairstyle; women; empress
bust of woman with elaborate Flavian hairstyle
Roman, late first-second century CE
Rome, Vatican Museum (Chiaramonti). Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: hairstyle; women
relief of Caltilia Moschis,
freedwoman of Ostia--detail from funerary altar
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: hairstyle; women; freedpeople
sarcophagus depicting woman's
toilette with large number of personal slaves, Roman, third-fourth century CE
smaller version.
Arezzo, Archaeological Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1990
Keywords: hairstyle; women; slaves
bust of woman with
Flavian hairstyle--side view c. 80 CE
Munich, Glyptothek. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: hairstyles; women
bust of woman with diadem
from Flavian era--side view c. 100-110 CE
Munich, Glyptothek. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: hairstyles; women
Roman silver and ivory
hairpins with sculpted tops and ivory hairpin box with relief carving of satyr
and maenad
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: hairstyles; women
women's hairpins, including
one with carved ivory head
Colchester, Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: hairstyles; women
bust of woman c. 90-100
CE
Munich, Glyptothek. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: hairstyles; women
bust of woman with braided
hair
Brussels, Royal Museum of Art and History. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: hairstyles; women
center of large mosaic
depicting Selene and Endymion
Tunis, Bardo Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: housing; myth
reconstruction of bedroom
from villa at Boscoreale with original wall paintings first century CE
New York, Metropolitan Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1980
Keywords: housing; cubiculum; furniture; wall painting
reproduction of Roman
kitchen modern
London, Museum of London. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: housing; culina; cooking
reproduction of Roman
kitchen showing pots and cooking methods; modern
London, Museum of London. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1999
Keywords: housing; culina; cooking
kitchen with oven and
pots first century CE
Herculaneum, House of Stags. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; culina; cooking; oven
cooking pots with
brazier first century CE
Pompeii. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; culina; cooking; pots
drawing of Roman kitchen
with slaves preparing food modern
Saalburg, Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; culina; cooking; slaves
wall painting of slaves
preparing a meal; Roman, 50-75 CE
larger version;
detail: two men gutting an animal (perhaps a goat);
detail: silver tray on pedestal with cooking spices, including a large bulb of garlic;
detail: large silver urn with handles in the form of goat heads.
Malibu, Getty Villa. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2009
Keywords: housing; culina; cooking; slaves
bronze statuette
of a household god (lar)--larger image
Munich, Praehistorisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; lares; religion
bronze statuette of a household
god (lar)--smaller image
Munich, Praehistorisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; lares; religion
model of lararium shrine
in corner of peristyle;
larger version;
view from garden; modern
Bonn, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; lares; religion
peristyle garden with
reconstructed roof; first century CE
Pompeii, House of the Vettii. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; peristylium; garden
model of peristyle
garden:
larger version; modern
Bonn, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; peristylium; garden
wall painting of fountain
in garden from triclinium first century CE
Herculaneum, House of Neptune and Amphitrite. Credits: Barbara McManus,
1979
Keywords: housing; triclinium; garden; wall painting
view upward from light well
in house converted into apartments first century CE
Herculaneum, House of the Trellis (opus craticium). Credits: Barbara McManus,
1979
Keywords: housing; apartments
view from second story of
halls and doors around light well in house converted into apartments; first
century CE
Herculaneum, House of the Trellis (opus craticium). Credits: Barbara McManus,
1979
Keywords: housing; apartments
multi-storied Roman
apartment house
Herculaneum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; apartments
street and house
facades first century CE
Herculaneum, Houses of Trellis & Wooden Partition. Credits: Barbara
McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; apartments; street
plan of a representative Roman
domus modern
Credits: Barbara McManus, 1998
Keywords: housing; domus
plan of the House of the
Vettii in Pompeii modern
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; domus
atrium looking up at second-
story porch first century CE
Herculaneum, House of the Stags. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; atrium
plaster cast of wooden folding
door first century CE
Pompeii, Villa of the Mysteries. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; door
original acordion- folding
wooden door first century CE
Herculaneum, House of the Bicentenary. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; door
carbonized chest with bracket
marks for cabinet (so-called "cross") in upstairs cubiculum first
century CE
Herculaneum, House of the Bicentenary. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; furniture
plaster cast of wooden storage
chest first century CE
Pompeii, House of C. Julius Polybius. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; furniture
reconstructed wooden couch
(lectus) with ancient bronze fittings modern
Tunis, Bardo Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: housing; domus; furniture
small kitchen in rustic
courtyard with ventilation hole first century CE
Pompeii, House of C. Julius Polybius. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; kitchen
vestibule looking into
atrium and peristyle garden first century CE
Pompeii, House of the Tragic Poet. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; vestibulum
detail of wall painting
from cubiculum (from Villa of Boscoreale)--architectural scene with theater
mask first century CE
New York City, Metropolitan Museum of Art. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1980
Keywords: housing; domus; wall painting
detail of wall painting-
-Venus in a rustic shrine first century CE
Pompeii, House of the Menander. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; wall painting
wall painting of Dirce and the
bull in triclinium first century CE
Pompeii, House of the Vettii. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; wall painting; myth
painting of Priapus over door
in vestibule--symbol of abundance first century CE
Pompeii, House of the Vettii. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: housing; domus; wall painting; myth; phallic symbols
Roman table with three
legs topped with swan's heads and ending in animal feet
Brussels, Royal Museum of Art and History. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; furniture; domus
bronze lamp holder; Etruscan
Depicts birds and a dog chasing a squirrel.
Brussels, Royal Museum of Art and History. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; furniture; lamps; candelabrum
bronze lamp holder topped
with a glass dish (from Vulci)
Brussels, Royal Museum of Art and History. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; furniture; lamps; candelabrum
first floor of large
apartment building showing shops and mezzanines
Ostia, House of Diana. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: housing; insula; apartments; street
small bronze oil lamps
Palermo, Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: housing; lamps
terracotta oil lamps
depicting erotic scenes
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; lamps; erotic imagery
three Roman terracotta oil
lamps
The lamps depict Hercules and the hydra, an erotic scene, and a griffin.
Munich, Praehistorisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; lamps; myth; erotic imagery
bronze oil lamp in the form
of a comic mask
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: housing; lamps; theater
mosaic of a seashell with
wave motifs
Verulamium, Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: housing; mosaics; floors
black and white mosaic
Depicts a skeleton and the words "Know thyself" in Greek.
Rome, Terme Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: housing; mosaics; floors
assorted Roman jewelry
(necklaces, bracelets, earrings, etc.) of gold and gems 1st-3rd century
CE
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: jewelry
filigree silver medallion
and chain early first century CE
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: jewelry
Roman signet ring--gold with
stone missing 1st-3rd century CE
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: jewelry
silver brooch depicting
symbols of victory; third century CE
Depicts an eagle and a winged Victory holding a laurel wreath and
palm branch.
Munich, Praehistorisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: jewelry; army
silver bracelet with child's
portrait
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: jewelry; children; family
part of a gold armband; early third century CE
Made from facing coins of Caracalla and his wife Plautilla.
Berlin, Antiken Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1992
Keywords: jewelry; coins
gold pendant made from a
coin of Caracalla set with garnets; early 2nd century CE
Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1992
Keywords: jewelry; coins
gold pendant made from a
coin of Julia Domna; early third century CE
Berlin, Antiken Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1992
Keywords: jewelry; coins; Julia Domna; hairstyle; empress
Roman gold necklace; c. 375-425
CE
Necklace has garnet settings and a chalcedony cameo pendant depicting a couple.
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: jewelry; women
Etruscan gold fibula; 7th-5th century BCE
This large pin depicts a cat and birds.
Madrid, Archaeological Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1985
Keywords: jewelry; women
close-up of gold coins from
belt; 337-395 CE
These coins portray emperors from Constans to Theodosius.
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: jewelry; women; coins
Roman belt made of gold
coins; 337-395 CE
Central setting has large sapphire, emeralds, garnets, and glass
ornaments.
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: jewelry; women; coins
bronze brazier (from
Chiusi)
Brussels, Royal Museum of Art and History. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: kitchen; cooking; utensils
bronze hook to hold meat
during cooking; Etruscan from Chiusi
Brussels, Royal Museum of Art and History. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: kitchen; cooking; utensils
tombstone of a wealthy couple in Roman Germany, Roman, late first-second century CE;
smaller version.
The couple lived in Mogontiacum (modern Mainz). The husband is seated, wearing native dress, particularly a cucullus, a cape with a hood that could be pulled over the head. His wife wears Roman dress, including a palla, with a necklace with large rosette pendant and several rings. (See next item for a painted model of this tombstone.)
Mainz, Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: marriage; family; funerary
painted model of above tombstone from Roman Germany, modern;
smaller version.
The couple lived in Mogontiacum (modern Mainz). The husband is seated, wearing native dress, particularly a cucullus, a cape with a hood that could be pulled over the head. His wife wears Roman dress, including a palla, with a necklace with large rosette pendant and several rings. (Such monuments were painted in antiquity, though the colors used here are hypothetical.)
Saalburg, Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: marriage; family; funerary
large family tomb monument, Roman, from Neumagen, before 220 CE
This monument, reconstructed from many original parts, is representative of the style of funerary sculpture
favored by wealthy landowners during this period in the region around ancient Augusta Treverorum (modern
Trier, Germany). Made of sandstone, it is a tall rectangular column topped with a large sculpted pine cone;
the Dionysiac symbolism continues in the dramatic masks at each corner, the frolicking sea creatures on the
frieze, and the vine tendrils, heavy with grapes, that border each side of the monument. On the front side,
beneath a pediment and carved canopy, stand
a couple clasping right hands in the traditional symbol of marriage (dextrarum iunctio) over the head of their son, who
stands between them. Their clothes and stance boast of their Roman citizenship. The father wears a
tunic and carefully draped toga and
clasps a scroll in his left hand
(smaller version). The
mother wears a tunic
and palla; her hair is covered with a net or close-fitting cap. Only the first words of the
inscription (D[is] M[anibus]) remain.
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: marriage; children; funerary
large family tomb monument, right side, Roman, from Neumagen, before 220 CE
The two sides of the above monument depict scenes from the daily life of the couple. The right side depicts the leisure and work of the man. The
top panel shows him
returning from a hunt on horseback, wearing a short cape with a hood (cucullus; lacerna
cucullata). He holds out a dead hare to his servant, who holds a hunting hound by the leash. On the
bottom panel, the
master sits in a basket chair
reading two wax tablets
bound into a book, probably an account book. He appears to be speaking to three man standing around him,
while a fourth arrives from the outside (as shown by his hooded cloak), carrying a
closed wax tablet book by
a leather thong
(detail: man reading).
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: literacy; landowner; funerary
large family tomb monument, left side, Roman, from Neumagen, before 220 CE
The left side of the monument is devoted to the wife. Unfortunately, the lower panel has been lost; in symmetry with the right side, it may have shown some aspect of the wife's work. The
top panel shows the wife at her morning toilette, served by 4 female slaves.
Two women dress her hair, while the
third holds a round mirror and the fourth brings a jug of water. All the women wear long-sleeved tunics, but the mistress also wears a palla bordered with a fringe. The back of the monument was decorated with a
pattern of rosettes and foliage (the modern restorations are painted to show that the whole monument was originally very colorful).
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: hairdressing; coiffure; slavery; funerary
diagram of the 14 regions of
Rome modern
Credits: Barbara McManus, 1997
Keywords: maps; city of Rome
Roman marble
sarcophagus depicting a married couple c. 240 CE
Munich, Glyptothek. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2005
Keywords: marriage; wedding; funerary
detail of central
scene on sarcophagus depicting a married couple, c. 240 CE
detail of central
couple
The couple are clasping right hands (dextrarum iunctio) with Cupid
holding a wedding torch.
Munich, Glyptothek. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2005
Keywords: marriage; wedding; funerary
sarcophagus high relief
depicting Roman marriage ceremony;
smaller version, 160-80
CE
detail of couple
clasping right hands (dextrarum iunctio) with pronuba between; groom
holds scroll probably symbolizing betrothal contract.
view form other side. Made of Proconnesian
marble; partly restored in the 18th century.
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2001, 1986
Keywords: marriage; women; wedding
encaustic portrait of man with
red wine and rose-petal wreath; from Er-Rubayat, fourth century CE
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: mummy portraits; Roman Egypt; funerary symbolism
encaustic portrait of woman
with Flavian hairstyle; from Hawara, late first century CE
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: mummy portraits; Roman Egypt; hairstyle; jewelry; women
encaustic portrait of
bejewelled woman with part of linen wrappings, probably from Ankyronopolis (El Hibeh); Romano-Egyptian, 100-110 CE
larger version.
The woman's name, Isidora ("gifts of Isis"), is inscribed on the side of the wrappings, and the gold hair
ornament and quantity of expensive jewelry indicate her high social standing.
Malibu, Getty Villa. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2009
Keywords: mummy portraits; Roman Egypt; jewelry; women
encaustic portrait of woman; from Er-Rubayat, third-fourth century CE
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: mummy portraits; Roman Egypt; women
encaustic portrait of an older
woman wearing large pearls; c. 150-200 CE
Berlin, Antiken Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1992
Keywords: mummy portraits; aging; Roman Egypt; jewelry; women
encaustic portrait of a woman; from Antinoe, second century CE
She is wearing large pearl earrings and a gemstone necklace.
Paris, Louvre Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1999
Keywords: mummy portraits; Roman Egypt; jewelry; women
encaustic portrait of a man; third century CE
He has a beard and mustache.
Paris, Louvre Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1999
Keywords: mummy portraits; Roman Egypt
cartonnage of Crates
Three-dimensional portrait head with flat painting of body and clothes (note unusual pendant); he holds a wine cup and flowers; second century CE
Paris, Louvre Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1999
Keywords: mummy portraits; Roman Egypt; funerary symbolism
encaustic portrait of a woman; from Fayum, 100-150 CE
She is wearing gold and pearl earrings and a gemstone necklace.
Milwaukee Art Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2002
Keywords: mummy portraits; Roman Egypt; jewelry; women
marble statue of muse; Roman,
c. 200 CE
Santa Monica, Getty Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1989
Keywords: muses
wall painting; Pompeii, first
century CE
Depicts female playing cithara, lover, and standing woman.
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: music; erotic imagery; leisure
bust of man (Marius?) c.
50-40 BCE
Munich, Glyptothek. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: politics; history
bust of man (Sulla?) c.
50-40 BCE
Munich, Glyptothek. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: politics; history
reconstruction
drawing of the portico of Octavia modern
Credits: S.B. Platner, The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome (2nd
ed.), p. 372, 1911
Keywords: portico; city of Rome; Leisure
model of porticus
Vipsania;plastico of fourth century city
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: portico; city of Rome; leisure
marble bust, portait of a
late Republican man
Saalburg, Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: portraits
terra-cotta figurines; c. 60 CE
,
Caricatures of men with scrolls (possibly wearing masks); found in child's
tomb.
Colchester, Colchester Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: reading; literature; children
wall painting of priest with
servant and ox at altar
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: religion
pavement of the Sacra Via (black and white photo)
Credits: S.B. Platner, The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome (2nd
ed.), p. 310, 1911
Keywords: roads; Forum Romanum; city of Rome; history
model of street lined
with tombs, also showing stone workers; modern
Bonn, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: roads; funerary
model of street
lined with tombs; modern
Bonn, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: roads; funerary
grave relief of
freedpeople; rom the Via Appia in Rome, c. 30 BC
P. Aiedius and his wife Aiedia.
Berlin, Pergamon Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1992
Keywords: roads; funerary; freedpeople
Roman street beside
insula
Ostia, House of Diana. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: roads; insula; street
relief of Roman woman in
poultry shop (cast)
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: shops; food
mosaic from Roman Africa, from a villa in Uthina, (modern Oudna, Tunisia), third century CE
In the center a man in an equestrian tunic, identified as Fructus, is being served wine by two slaves bearing amphoras, named Myro and Victor.
Tunis, Bardo Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2010
Keywords: slaves; clothing; wine
model of Forum Boarium in Rome; plastico of fourth-century CE city
model with labels
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: temples; city of Rome
model of the Capitoline showing Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus; plastico of fourth-century city
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2007
Keywords: temples; city of Rome
model of center of Rome,
with Capitoline and fora; plastico of fourth century city
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: temples; city of Rome
model of Rome at bend of Tiber with Capitoline; plastico of fourth century city
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: temples; city of Rome
model of Capitoline
from front; plastico of fourth century city
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: temples; city of Rome
model of Capitoline
and Arx; plastico of fourth century city
model with labels
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: temples; city of Rome
model of Arx and Capitoline
from side; plastico of fourth century city
model with labels
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: temples; city of Rome
plan of Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
Credits: Barbara McManus, 2005
Keywords: temples; city of Rome
model of archaic Rome, showing hills
Capitoline, Palatine, Arx, and Forum area are labelled.
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: seven hills; city of Rome
reconstruction
drawing of the temple of Castor in the Forum; modern
Credits: S.B. Platner, The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome (2nd
ed.), p. 181, 1911
Keywords: temples; city of Rome; history; Forum Romanum
Temple of Divine
Caesar in Forum--reconstruction drawing; modern
Credits: S.B. Platner, The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome (2nd
ed.), p. 185, 1911
Keywords: temples; city of Rome; religion
temple of Portunus--
back
Rome, Forum Boarium. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: temples; city of Rome; religion
temple of Portunus--
front
Rome, Forum Boarium. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: temples; city of Rome; religion
wall painting over door of shop of
Verecundus from Pompeii; first century CE (replica);
smaller version.
In the background, 3 wool-combers (pectinarii) sit at tables combing wool to remove knots and impurities before spinning. In the center 4 men (coactiliarii) make felt over a burner. On the left, Verecundus himself (identified by the name painted under the figure) holds up a finished cloth with narrow purple stripes.
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: textiles; fullers; clothing
model of theater of
Marcellus and Tiber Island; plastico of fourth century city
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: theater; city of Rome; leisure
model of theater of
Marcellus and portico of Octavia; plastico of fourth century city
model with labels
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: theater; city of Rome; portico; leisure
model of theater of
Marcellus and Capitoline; plastico of fourth century city
model with labels
EUR (Rome), Museum of Roman Civilization. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: theater; city of Rome; portico; leisure
terracotta statuettes
from Myrina depicting a comic and a tragic actor; 2nd-1st century BCE
small version of comic actor
alone
Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1992
Keywords: theater; drama; comedy; tragedy
three stone dramatic masks; Roman, first-second century CE
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: theater; drama; leisure
reconstructed wooden litter
with ancient bronze fittings; modern
Rome, Conservatori Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: transportation; leisure
statue of woman on chair
(cathedra)
Florence, Uffizi Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1979
Keywords: women; clothing; furniture
sarcophagus of
Roman matron holding bust of husband (with background);
smaller version,
100-110 CE
Parian marble.
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1986
Keywords: women; funerary; Flavian hairstyle
sarcophagus of
Roman matron holding bust of husband (background removed);
smaller version,
100-110 CE
Parian marble.
London, British Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2001
Keywords: women; funerary; Flavian hairstyle
detail of large floor mosaic, Roman, from Trier, mid-third century CE;
smaller version.
This mosaic was found in the ruins of the palace of the procurator in Augusta Treverorum (modern Trier), who controlled the finances of the provinces of Gallia Belgica, Germania Superior, and Germania Inferior. The overarching theme seems to be learning, literature, and philosophy
(see drawing of entire mosaic). The
central panel depicts two women seated on chairs (cathedrae) conducting a lively conversation. The
woman on the left lifts her index finger to emphasize a point, and the
woman on the right clasps a scroll in her left hand
(smaller version). They are probably intended to suggest muses, but the lack of a mythological setting gives the scene an everyday flavor, two educated women conversing. On the
left corner is a bearded male head with wings, above which stands a
boy holding a stylus and wax tablet. Symmetrically, the
right corner depicts a beardless male head with wings and a
boy holding a scroll and declaiming. Two heads portraying gods (Mercury and
Minerva) are all that remains of the large heptagonal panel above the two women. The
bottom panel apparently depicts philosophers in Greek clothing, an
older, bearded man, a
younger, beardless man, and
above them, another
young, beardless man.
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: literacy; rhetoric; education
Roman bas-relief of a bull
sacrifice (in Uffizi)--modified by adding inscriptions; first century CE
Credits: J.C. Stobart, The Grandeur that Was Rome (2nd ed.), plate 49
facing p. 204, 1920
small bronze bust of a young woman with melon hairdo, Roman, imperial period
Verona, Archaeological Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1982
Keywords: women; hairstyle
terracotta cheese press, Roman, second century CE
This intact cheese press was found in Balmuildy Roman fort in Scotland. When milk curdled, the Romans would cut and shred the curds and press them into vessels like this. The whey would drain away through the holes in the vessel and the curds would harden into cheese in the shape of the press.
Glasgow, Hunterian Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2004
Keywords: food, cheese making
relief of Medea, Jason, and Golden Fleece, Roman, late second century CE
This relief, probably a fragment from a sarcophagus, depicts a
youthful Medea offering Jason a magic salve that will turn him into a "hero for a day" so that he can defeat the serpent guarding the Golden Fleece.
Rome, Palazzo Altemps. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: mythology; Argonautica
relief of wedding of Medea and Jason, Roman, late second century CE
This relief, probably a fragment from a sarcophagus, depicts the marriage of Jason and Medea after their escape from Colchis. The couple are shown clasping right hands in the traditional Roman symbol of marriage (dextrarum iunctio).
Medea wears a Roman tunic and lifts her veil away from her face.
Rome, Palazzo Altemps. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2003
Keywords: mythology; Argonautica
sandstone relief of women holding a textile, Roman, from Hirzweiler, second - third century CE
Two young women check a woven cloth with a long fringe prior to folding it, probably for sale in the family business.
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: commerce; trade
bronze statuette of an old woman, Roman, from Wederath, c. first century CE
The
short veil on her head indicates that this may be a statuette of a children's nurse or nanny
Trier, Rheinisches Landesmuseum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 2013
Keywords: servant; women; family
Go to Index, Part I, Part II, Part IV, Part V, Part VI, Part VII, Part VIII, Part IX, Part X, Part XI, Part XII, Part XIII, Part XIV, Part XV, Roman Coins: Republic and Principate, Roman Coins: Empire, Greek Coins, Coins from the Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, Coins from the National Museum in Warsaw, Poland, Coins from the Hunterian Museum
revised August, 2013
